USPS 危险品指南USPS HAZMAT Guide

USPS 危险品运输要求：从识别到交寄的完整流程USPS requirements for shipping hazardous materials: a complete mailing workflow

香水、喷雾、指甲油、含锂电池设备、干冰和部分清洁用品都可能属于危险品。它们不是简单地分成“能寄”或“不能寄”，还要继续判断运输名称、危险类别、数量、包装方式、目的地以及能否空运。本指南以 USPS《第 52 号出版物》和危险品查询工具为主线，系统说明美国境内寄件人应如何完成判断、包装、申报、制单与交寄。Perfume, aerosols, nail polish, lithium-battery devices, dry ice, and some cleaning products may all be hazardous materials. The answer is rarely just “mailable” or “prohibited”: proper shipping name, hazard class, quantity, packaging, destination, and air eligibility also matter. This guide uses USPS Publication 52 and the HAZMAT Search Tool to explain the domestic workflow from identification through tender.

A warehouse specialist inspecting protected hazardous-material packaging and separating the parcel from ordinary shipments
危险品合规不是贴一张标签，而是一条从产品识别到分开交寄的完整链路。HAZMAT compliance is a chain of decisions from product identification through separate tender—not a single sticker.

先读结论：寄件人对危险品判断负最终责任The first rule: the mailer owns the HAZMAT determination

USPS 明确要求寄件人了解包裹内容，并对其闪点、毒性、腐蚀性、电池参数及其他危险特性作出准确判断。邮局工作人员、面单平台或仓库操作员可以帮助执行，但不能替代寄件人的产品识别与合规责任。不了解产品属性时，应先向制造商索取最新的安全数据表和运输资料，不要凭商品名称或气味猜测。USPS places responsibility on the mailer to know the contents and accurately identify flash point, toxicity, corrosivity, battery characteristics, and other hazards. A Post Office employee, label platform, or warehouse operator may help with execution, but does not replace the mailer’s classification duty. If the properties are unknown, obtain the current Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and transportation data from the manufacturer instead of guessing from a product name or smell.

重要：本文是操作性说明，不是针对某一具体产品的可邮寄性裁定。USPS 规则、费用与平台字段可能更新；实际寄件前应再次查询《第 52 号出版物》、对应包装规范、目的地限制和制单平台的最新要求。本文核对日期：2026 年 7 月 16 日。Important: This is an operational guide, not a mailability ruling for a specific product. USPS rules, fees, and platform fields can change. Recheck Publication 52, the applicable Packaging Instruction, destination restrictions, and current label-platform requirements before mailing. Last reviewed: July 16, 2026.

第一步：判断物品属于禁止品、限制品还是可邮寄危险品Step 1: decide whether the item is prohibited, restricted, or mailable HAZMAT

“危险品”“限制品”和“禁止品”不是同义词。部分危险品在任何 USPS 国内邮件中都禁止；部分物品只有满足数量、包装、服务和目的地条件后才能邮寄；还有一些产品看似普通，但因含有易燃液体、压缩气体或锂电池而受危险品规则约束。“Hazardous,” “restricted,” and “prohibited” are not synonyms. Some hazardous materials are forbidden in all domestic USPS mail. Some items become mailable only after quantity, packaging, service, and destination conditions are met. Other products look ordinary but are regulated because they contain a flammable liquid, compressed gas, or lithium battery.

判断结果Result含义Meaning典型例子Typical examples
国内禁止邮寄Domestically prohibited不能通过 USPS 寄送，应停止制单Cannot be sent through USPS; stop label creation弹药、爆炸物、汽油、金属液态汞、汽车安全气囊、大麻（清单并不完整）Ammunition, explosives, gasoline, metallic liquid mercury, air bags, and marijuana (not an exhaustive list)
受限制或可邮寄危险品Restricted or mailable HAZMAT只有完全满足对应规则时才能寄Mailable only when every applicable condition is met部分喷雾、香水、指甲油、油漆、胶水、干冰、含锂电池设备、安全火柴及部分腐蚀性或有毒物质Certain aerosols, perfumes, nail polish, paints, adhesives, dry ice, lithium-battery devices, safety matches, corrosives, and toxic substances
非危险品Not regulated as HAZMAT仍需遵守普通邮件及其他限制品规则Still subject to ordinary mail and other restricted-matter rules例如部分不易燃、非腐蚀、非毒性的水性产品；必须以实际成分和数据为准For example, some nonflammable, noncorrosive, nontoxic water-based products; actual composition and data control

最可靠的起点是 USPS 危险品查询工具。用产品的正式运输名称、数字识别编号或准确描述搜索；查看它在空运、地面运输和国际邮件中的状态；再打开结果中的包装规范。搜索不到不代表可以寄，而是说明你需要回到安全数据表、制造商或 USPS 可邮寄性支持渠道进一步确认。The best starting point is the USPS HAZMAT Search Tool. Search by proper shipping name, UN/NA identification number, or a precise description; review air, surface, and international status; then open the linked Packaging Instruction. No search result does not mean “safe to mail”—it means you need better SDS/manufacturer data or a USPS mailability determination.

寄件前要收集的产品数据Product data to collect before mailing

仓库不要只保存“香水”“电池”这样的商品简称。每个危险品 SKU 至少应有一张可追溯的合规资料卡，供采购、客服、制单系统和包装工位使用。A warehouse should not rely on shorthand such as “perfume” or “battery.” Each hazardous SKU needs a traceable compliance record shared by purchasing, support, label systems, and packing stations.

  • 制造商、完整品名、成分及最新安全数据表版本。Manufacturer, complete product name, composition, and current SDS revision.
  • 正式运输名称、数字识别编号、危险类别或项别、包装等级（如适用）。Proper shipping name, UN/NA ID, hazard class or division, and packing group when applicable.
  • 液体的闪点、浓度、单个内包装数量和整件总量。For liquids: flash point, concentration, quantity per inner receptacle, and total package quantity.
  • 锂电池的化学类型、Wh 或锂含量、数量、是否安装在设备内，以及设备是全新、二手、损坏还是召回品。For lithium batteries: chemistry, Wh rating or lithium content, count, installed/packed-with/spare status, and whether the device is new, used, damaged, defective, or recalled.
  • 发件地、收件地、是否涉及阿拉斯加、夏威夷、美国领地、军邮或外交邮政地址，以及预期使用的 USPS 服务。Origin, destination, Alaska/Hawaii/territory/APO/FPO/DPO involvement, and the intended USPS service.

第二步：先确定运输方式，再选择 USPS 服务Step 2: determine the transportation mode before choosing a USPS service

USPS 危险品规则按空运和地面运输区分。Priority Mail Express 与 Priority Mail 中的危险品必须符合空运资格，即使某一件包裹在实际网络中可能走地面，也不能用“反正不会上飞机”作为理由。只允许地面运输的物品通常应选择符合条件的 USPS Ground Advantage 或其他获准的地面产品。USPS HAZMAT rules depend on air versus surface transportation. Hazardous material sent by Priority Mail Express or Priority Mail must qualify for air transportation even if a particular parcel might physically move by ground. “It probably will not fly” is not a compliance basis. Surface-only items generally need an eligible USPS Ground Advantage or other authorized surface product.

常见场景Common scenario通常的运输限制Typical transport restriction必须继续核对Still verify
含酒精香水、洗手液、许多易燃液体Alcohol-based perfume, hand sanitizer, and many flammable liquids通常仅限美国境内地面运输Often domestic surface transportation only闪点、浓度、数量限制和第三类易燃液体包装规范Flash point, concentration, quantity limits, and Packaging Instruction 3A/3D
二手、损坏或有缺陷的含锂电池电子设备Used, damaged, or defective electronics with lithium batteries禁止空运；适用例外极有限Prohibited in air transportation; exceptions are narrow设备状态、标记、目的地和第九类锂电池包装规范Device condition, markings, destination, and Packaging Instruction 9D
编号为 3090 或 3480 的单独及备用锂电池UN3090/UN3480 standalone or spare lithium batteriesUSPS 国内空运禁止Prohibited in domestic USPS air transportation电池类型、额定能量或锂含量、端子保护、数量与标记Chemistry, Wh/lithium content, terminal protection, count, and markings
干冰作为冷媒Dry ice used as a refrigerant可能可寄，但包装必须允许二氧化碳释放May be mailable, but packaging must vent carbon dioxide净重、运输方式、内装物和第九类干冰包装规范Net weight, transport mode, contents, and Packaging Instruction 9A

国际邮件的危险品许可范围远小于美国国内邮件，而且还受到目的国规则限制。不要把“美国境内可走地面”的结论直接套用到国际、军邮、外交邮政或美国领地地址；应另查《第 52 号出版物》第 6 章、《国际邮件手册》和目的地限制。International dangerous-goods permissions are much narrower than domestic mail and are also controlled by destination-country rules. Never carry a “domestic surface mailable” decision into international, APO/FPO/DPO, or territory mail without a separate review of Publication 52 Chapter 6, the International Mail Manual, and destination restrictions.

第三步：严格按对应包装规范操作Step 3: package exactly to the applicable Packaging Instruction

不存在一套适用于所有危险品的“通用危险品包装”。危险品查询工具或《第 52 号出版物》附录 A 会把具体物质指向附录 C 中的包装规范；其中会规定内包装类型、单件数量、整件数量、密封、吸附、缓冲、压力测试、外包装和标记要求。任何一项不满足，都不能靠多缠几圈胶带补救。There is no universal hazardous-material package. The HAZMAT Search Tool or Publication 52 Appendix A points a specific material to an Appendix C Packaging Instruction. That instruction controls inner receptacles, per-receptacle and per-package quantities, closures, absorbent/cushioning material, pressure tests, outer packaging, and markings. Extra tape cannot cure a failure to meet a required element.

Exploded view of a protected inner receptacle, secondary containment, cushioning, and rigid corrugated outer carton
示意图仅解释分层保护逻辑；内包装材质、吸附量、数量上限和具体标记必须服从对应包装规范。The illustration shows layered protection only. Receptacle material, absorbency, quantity limits, and specific markings must come from the applicable Packaging Instruction.

USPS 的通用外包装底线General USPS outer-packaging baselines

  • 除具体规则另有许可外，危险品应使用刚性外包装。Unless a specific rule permits otherwise, use rigid outer packaging.
  • 20 磅及以下的危险品邮件，外箱通常至少需要 200 磅耐破度或 32 级等效边压强度；超过 20 磅通常至少需要 275 磅耐破度或 44 级等效边压强度。HAZMAT mailpieces at 20 lb or less generally require at least 200 lb burst strength or 32 ECT equivalent; over 20 lb generally requires at least 275 lb burst strength or 44 ECT equivalent.
  • 不得使用 USPS 制作的 Priority Mail 或 Priority Mail Express 包装用品寄送可邮寄危险品。Do not use USPS-produced Priority Mail or Priority Mail Express packaging for mailable hazardous materials.
  • 不同危险类别的物质不得在同一邮件中混装，除非 USPS 标准明确允许。Do not combine different hazard classes in one mailpiece unless Postal Service standards expressly allow it.
  • 液体通常需要可靠封口、足够吸附/缓冲材料和方向标记；应逐条执行对应章节，而不是只看这份摘要。Liquids commonly require secure closures, sufficient absorbent/cushioning material, and orientation markings; follow the item-specific rule rather than this summary.

第四步：正确标记外箱，并在制单时主动申报危险品Step 4: mark the package and declare HAZMAT during label creation

外箱标记必须放在地址面（空间不足时，部分美国交通部标记可放在相邻侧面），不得放在箱底；标记应清晰、耐久、不会擦掉或晕染。除规则列出的少数例外外，危险品包裹还必须有美国境内退件地址，并按具体规定标明内容、美国交通部危险品标记、方向箭头或“仅限地面运输”等信息。Required markings belong on the address side (with limited adjacent-side allowance for certain DOT markings when space is insufficient), never on the bottom. They must be clear, durable, and resistant to rubbing or smearing. Except for specified exceptions, HAZMAT packages need a domestic return address plus all item-specific content, DOT hazard, orientation, or “Surface Transportation Only” markings required by the governing instruction.

电子申报不是可选项Electronic declaration is not optional

创建 USPS 面单时必须表明包裹含有危险品。《第 52 号出版物》第 323 节要求国内寄出件和退件在智能邮件包裹条码（IMpb）或智能邮件矩阵条码（IMmb）中使用对应的三位危险品服务类型代码（STC），并在交寄数据中提供危险品附加服务代码（ESC）。寄件人必须核对平台生成的服务、STC、ESC、条码提示和实际内容是否一致。When creating a USPS label, identify that the package contains hazardous material. Publication 52 section 323 requires the applicable three-digit HAZMAT Service Type Code (STC) in the Intelligent Mail package barcode (IMpb) or Intelligent Mail matrix barcode (IMmb) for domestic outbound and return packages, together with the required HAZMAT Extra Service Code (ESC) data. The mailer must verify that the platform-generated product, STC, ESC, barcode banner, and actual contents agree.

先分清 STC 与 ESC：STC 说明“这是哪一种 USPS 产品/服务的危险品包裹”，主要由寄出或退件、邮件产品、重量档和所购附加服务决定；ESC 说明“包裹属于哪一类危险品”。因此不能拿锂电池 ESC 代替 STC，也不能只凭危险类别选择 STC。810 至 832 是 USPS 当前公布的内容细分 ESC，并非旧 STC。Separate STC from ESC: the STC identifies the USPS product/service and designates the package as HAZMAT; it is driven mainly by outbound versus return, mail product, weight tier, and purchased extra service. The ESC identifies the hazardous-material category. A lithium-battery ESC cannot replace the STC, and hazard class alone does not select the STC. Codes 810–832 are current USPS content-specific ESCs, not obsolete STCs.

如何选择正确的 HAZMAT STCHow to select the correct HAZMAT STC

最稳妥的方法不是“从代码表里猜一个像的”，而是依次回答六个问题。前一个问题没有确定答案时，不要继续生成面单。The safest method is not to guess from a code list. Answer six questions in order, and do not continue label creation until the preceding decision is resolved.

1物品确实可邮寄吗？Is the item mailable?确认物质、数量、包装规范与目的地Confirm material, quantity, Packaging Instruction, and destination
2该目的地适用国内 STC 吗？Does the destination use a domestic STC?单独处理 APO/FPO/DPO、部分领地和自由联系邦例外Handle APO/FPO/DPO, certain territories, and FAS exceptions separately
3寄出件还是退件？Outbound or return?进入《第 199 号出版物》对应的 STC 表Enter the matching Publication 199 STC table
4哪个 USPS 产品获准使用？Which USPS product is eligible?先确定空运或地面运输资格Establish air or surface eligibility first
5Ground Advantage 属于哪个重量档？Which Ground Advantage weight tier?不超过 15.999 盎司，或一磅及以上Up to 15.999 oz, or one pound and above
6是否购买了列明的附加服务？Is a listed extra service purchased?无则选基础 STC；有则选《第 199 号出版物》中对应的专用 STCUse the baseline STC, or the dedicated STC for the listed extra-service option
  1. 先确认目的地是否使用国内 STC。国内寄出件和国内退件通常必须使用危险品 STC。寄往 APO/FPO/DPO、美国属地、领地和自由联系邦（波多黎各除外）的包裹属于第 323.2 节列出的 STC 例外；不要把下面的国内 STC 表机械套用到这些地址。波多黎各不在该例外内。First confirm that the destination uses a domestic STC. Domestic outbound and return packages generally require a HAZMAT STC. Section 323.2 excepts packages destined for APO/FPO/DPO locations, U.S. possessions, territories, and Freely Associated States, excluding Puerto Rico. Do not mechanically apply the domestic tables to those destinations; Puerto Rico is not part of that exception.
  2. 区分寄出件和退件。普通发货查“国内寄出件”清单；预付退件标签查“国内退件”清单。两类代码不能互换。Separate outbound from returns. Use the Domestic Outbound list for ordinary shipments and the Domestic Returns list for prepaid return labels. The codes are not interchangeable.
  3. 选择已经通过可邮寄性审核的 USPS 产品。Priority Mail Express 或 Priority Mail 只能用于符合空运条件的危险品；仅限地面运输的物品应使用获准的地面产品。STC 不能把本来不合规的运输方式变成合规。Select the USPS product already approved by the mailability review. Priority Mail Express or Priority Mail may be used only when the HAZMAT qualifies for air transportation. Surface-only matter needs an authorized surface product. An STC cannot make an ineligible transportation mode compliant.
  4. 如果是 USPS Ground Advantage，按计费重量分档。不超过 15.999 盎司与一磅及以上使用不同 STC；不要因四舍五入或系统显示方式选错档。For USPS Ground Advantage, apply the weight tier. Packages up to 15.999 ounces use different STCs from packages one pound or more. Do not select the tier from an incorrect rounding or display value.
  5. 检查是否购买了合格的附加服务。没有附加服务时使用“必选”基础 STC；购买保险、签名确认、成人签名等合格服务时，使用《第 199 号出版物》为该产品和该服务选项列出的专用 STC。第 323.2 节禁止危险品邮件自行叠加多个附加服务。表中的“保险限制投递”和“21 岁以上成人签名限制投递”是 USPS 已命名并分配专用 STC 的单一服务选项，不代表可以任意组合其他服务。Check whether an eligible extra service was purchased. With no extra service, use the required baseline STC. For an eligible option such as Insurance, Signature Confirmation, or Adult Signature, use the dedicated STC listed for that product and option in Publication 199. Section 323.2 prohibits combining multiple extra services on HAZMAT mail. “Insurance Restricted Delivery” and “Adult Signature Over 21 Restricted Delivery” in the table are USPS-named options with dedicated STCs, not permission to assemble unrelated services.
  6. 制单前以最新《第 199 号出版物》终检。《第 52 号出版物》附录 G 明确提示 STC 清单可能变化，并指向《第 199 号出版物》。本文代码按 2026 年 7 月 2 日的第 35 版核对；其清单包含当前附录 G 网页尚未显示的部分代码，因此生产系统不应只缓存附录 G。Perform a final check against the latest Publication 199. Publication 52 Appendix G says the STC list may change and directs mailers to Publication 199. The codes below were checked against Publication 199 Version 35 dated July 2, 2026, which contains some codes not yet displayed on the current Appendix G pages. A production system should not rely on a cached Appendix G list alone.

国内寄出件：没有附加服务时的基础 STCDomestic outbound: baseline STCs without an extra service

USPS 产品USPS product条件ConditionSTC
Priority Mail Express免签收；危险品必须符合空运条件Signature waived; HAZMAT must be air-eligible760
Priority MailUSPS 追踪；危险品必须符合空运条件USPS Tracking; HAZMAT must be air-eligible116
USPS Ground Advantage不超过 15.999 盎司，USPS 追踪Up to 15.999 oz, USPS Tracking184
USPS Ground Advantage一磅及以上，USPS 追踪One pound or more, USPS Tracking362
Parcel SelectUSPS Tracking395

平台没有对应 STC 时应停止制单：不要改用普通非危险品 STC，也不要为了出单删除危险品申报。应先确认平台是否使用最新《第 199 号出版物》，要求面单服务商更新代码映射，或改用支持该产品与服务选项的 USPS 制单渠道。Stop label creation when the platform lacks the applicable STC: do not substitute an ordinary non-HAZMAT STC or remove the HAZMAT declaration to obtain a label. Confirm that the platform uses the current Publication 199, request an updated code mapping, or use a USPS labeling channel that supports the required product and service option.

国内寄出件：购买附加服务时的专用 STCDomestic outbound: dedicated STCs for eligible extra-service options

USPS 产品USPS product附加服务 → STCExtra service → STC
Priority Mail Express要求签收 → 761
保险 → 762
保险限制投递 → 763
21 岁以上成人签名 → 764
21 岁以上成人签名限制投递 → 665Signature requested → 761
Insurance → 762
Insurance Restricted Delivery → 763
Adult Signature Over 21 → 764
Adult Signature Over 21 Restricted Delivery → 665
Priority Mail保险不超过 500 美元 → 120
保险超过 500 美元 → 323
21 岁以上成人签名 → 075
签名确认 → 063
21 岁以上成人签名限制投递 → 121Insurance ≤ $500 → 120
Insurance > $500 → 323
Adult Signature Over 21 → 075
Signature Confirmation → 063
Adult Signature Over 21 Restricted Delivery → 121
USPS Ground Advantage，不超过 15.999 盎司USPS Ground Advantage, up to 15.999 oz保险不超过 500 美元 → 185
保险超过 500 美元 → 186
签名确认 → 166
21 岁以上成人签名 → 220Insurance ≤ $500 → 185
Insurance > $500 → 186
Signature Confirmation → 166
Adult Signature Over 21 → 220
USPS Ground Advantage，一磅及以上USPS Ground Advantage, one pound or more保险不超过 500 美元 → 363
保险超过 500 美元 → 365
签名确认 → 383
21 岁以上成人签名 → 223Insurance ≤ $500 → 363
Insurance > $500 → 365
Signature Confirmation → 383
Adult Signature Over 21 → 223
Parcel Select保险不超过 500 美元 → 483
保险超过 500 美元 → 628
签名确认 → 646Insurance ≤ $500 → 483
Insurance > $500 → 628
Signature Confirmation → 646

常见商品怎样关联 ESC：先看适用条款，不要只看商品名称How common products relate to ESCs: follow the applicable provision, not the product name alone

下面是理解代码逻辑的示例，不是对任何具体 SKU 的可邮寄性裁定。同一种商品可能因配方、浓度、数量、包装方式、设备状态或运输方式不同而落入另一条规则。The examples below explain code logic; they are not mailability rulings for a specific SKU. The same product may fall under a different provision because of formulation, concentration, quantity, packaging method, device condition, or transportation mode.

示例场景Example scenario适用时的内容 ESCContent ESC when applicableSTC 仍由什么决定What still determines the STC
经相应包装规范授权、符合空运条件的乙醇香水或洗手液Ethanol fragrance or hand sanitizer specifically authorized as air-eligible810Priority Mail Express 或 Priority Mail 产品及附加服务Priority Mail Express or Priority Mail product and extra service
按限量危险品条款走地面运输的香水、指甲油、洗手液、喷雾或油漆Perfume, nail polish, hand sanitizer, aerosol, or paint moving under a ground Limited Quantity provision831Ground Advantage 重量档、包裹精选服务和附加服务Ground Advantage weight tier, Parcel Select, and extra service
不按限量地面条款处理、而按第三类易燃液体类别申报的包裹A package declared under the Class 3 flammable-liquid category rather than the ground Limited Quantity provision812获准的 USPS 产品、重量与附加服务Eligible USPS product, weight, and extra service
全新单独或备用锂电池，带 UN3480/UN3090 标记，仅限地面运输New standalone or spare lithium batteries marked UN3480/UN3090 and restricted to surface transportation816Ground Advantage 重量档或包裹精选服务及附加服务Ground Advantage weight tier or Parcel Select and extra service
含锂电池的二手电子设备退件，且规则要求锂电池标记Return of a used electronic device with lithium batteries when a lithium-battery marking is required817退件产品、重量档和保险附加服务Return product, weight tier, and insurance extra service
全新设备与锂电池同装，需使用 UN3481/UN3091 标记New equipment packed with lithium batteries and requiring a UN3481/UN3091 marking818寄出或退件、产品、重量与附加服务Outbound or return, product, weight, and extra service
符合规则且不要求锂电池标记的全新设备内置或同装锂电池Eligible new equipment containing or packed with lithium batteries when no lithium-battery marking is required820运输方式、USPS 产品、重量和附加服务Transportation mode, USPS product, weight, and extra service
干冰作为获准内装物的冷媒Dry ice used as refrigerant for eligible contents819空运或地面资格、USPS 产品与附加服务Air or surface eligibility, USPS product, and extra service
符合防漏湿电池条款的密封铅酸电池A sealed lead-acid battery meeting the nonspillable wet-battery provision815获准产品、重量和附加服务Eligible product, weight, and extra service

同一 ESC 可以搭配不同 STC：例如一个使用 ESC 816 的全新备用锂电池包裹，如果通过 Ground Advantage 寄出且重 12 盎司，基础 STC 是 184；若重 2 磅，基础 STC 是 362；若 2 磅并购买签名确认，则 STC 是 383。危险品内容没变，USPS 产品服务组合变了，所以 STC 改变。The same ESC can accompany different STCs: for example, a new spare-lithium-battery package using ESC 816 has baseline STC 184 when sent outbound by Ground Advantage at 12 ounces, baseline STC 362 at 2 pounds, or STC 383 at 2 pounds with Signature Confirmation. The HAZMAT category did not change; the USPS product/service combination did.

国内退件 STCDomestic return STCs

退件产品或条件Return product or condition基础 STCBaseline STC保险附加服务 STCInsurance STC
USPS Ground Advantage 退件服务，不超过 15.999 盎司USPS Ground Advantage Returns, up to 15.999 oz187≤ 500 美元：190
> 500 美元：191≤ $500: 190
> $500: 191
USPS Ground Advantage 退件服务，一磅及以上USPS Ground Advantage Returns, one pound or more385≤ 500 美元：388
> 500 美元：399≤ $500: 388
> $500: 399
Priority Mail 退件服务Priority Mail Return Service037≤ 500 美元：515
> 500 美元：517≤ $500: 515
> $500: 517
第 6.2 项危险品：Ground Advantage 退件服务，不超过 15.999 盎司Division 6.2 HAZMAT: Ground Advantage Returns, up to 15.999 oz217—
第 6.2 项危险品：Ground Advantage 退件服务，一磅及以上Division 6.2 HAZMAT: Ground Advantage Returns, one pound or more218—
第 6.2 项危险品：Priority Mail 退件服务Division 6.2 HAZMAT: Priority Mail Return Service219—
第 6.2 项危险品：Priority Mail Express 退件，免签收Division 6.2 HAZMAT: Priority Mail Express Return, signature waived667—
第 6.2 项危险品：Priority Mail Express 退件Division 6.2 HAZMAT: Priority Mail Express Return668—

用四个例子检查选择逻辑Four examples that test the selection logic

场景Scenario正确 STCCorrect STC原因Why
国内寄出，Ground Advantage，12 盎司，无附加服务Domestic outbound, Ground Advantage, 12 oz, no extra service184寄出件 + 不超过 15.999 盎司 + 追踪基础代码Outbound + up to 15.999 oz + baseline Tracking code
国内寄出，Ground Advantage，2 磅，购买签名确认Domestic outbound, Ground Advantage, 2 lb, Signature Confirmation purchased383必须使用一磅及以上、含签名确认的专用 STC，不能继续用 362Use the dedicated one-pound-or-more Signature Confirmation STC, not baseline 362
国内寄出，Priority Mail，保险 300 美元，且内容符合空运条件Domestic outbound, Priority Mail, $300 insurance, contents air-eligible120Priority Mail + 保险不超过 500 美元Priority Mail + insurance at or below $500
国内退件，Ground Advantage 退件服务，2 磅，无保险附加服务Domestic return, Ground Advantage Returns, 2 lb, no insurance extra service385这是退件而非寄出件，并且属于一磅及以上档It is a return rather than outbound and falls in the one-pound-or-more tier

STC 选完后，再选择 ESCAfter the STC, select the ESC

所有危险品或国际危险货物交寄数据都必须提供通用 ESC 857。国内寄出件和退件还可使用下表中与实际内容对应的细分 ESC；USPS 目前建议使用这些内容代码。第 323.3 节只在系统没有足够 ESC 字段且已经使用细分 ESC 时，允许省略 857。换句话说，常规实现应优先传 857 和匹配的细分 ESC，而不是随意二选一。All shipments containing HAZMAT or dangerous goods must provide generic ESC 857. Domestic outbound and return mailers may also use the content-specific ESC that matches the actual material, a practice USPS currently recommends. Section 323.3 permits omission of 857 only when a content-specific ESC is used and the package record does not have enough ESC fields. In a normal implementation, send 857 and the matching content-specific ESC rather than treating them as freely interchangeable.

ESC危险品类别HAZMAT categoryESC危险品类别HAZMAT category
810符合空运条件的乙醇包裹Air-eligible ethanol package822第 4.1 项易燃固体或安全火柴Division 4.1 flammable solids or safety matches
811第一类玩具推进剂或安全导火索Class 1 toy propellant or safety fuse823第 5.1 项氧化剂Division 5.1 oxidizers
812第三类易燃液体Class 3 flammable liquid824第 5.2 项有机过氧化物Division 5.2 organic peroxides
813第七类放射性物质Class 7 radioactive materials825第 6.1 项有毒物质Division 6.1 toxic materials
814第八类腐蚀性物质Class 8 corrosive materials826第 6.2 项感染性物质Division 6.2 infectious substances
815第八类防漏湿电池Class 8 nonspillable wet battery827例外数量条款Excepted Quantity Provision
816第九类锂电池，有标记，仅限地面Class 9 lithium battery, marked, ground only828未另列明的仅限地面危险品Ground-only HAZMAT not otherwise listed
817第九类锂电池退件Class 9 lithium-battery return829ID8000 消费品ID8000 consumer commodity
818第九类锂电池，有标记Class 9 lithium batteries, marked830获准打火机Authorized lighters
819第九类干冰Class 9 dry ice831限量危险品，仅限地面Limited Quantity, ground
820第九类锂电池，无标记Class 9 lithium batteries, unmarked832小数量条款Small Quantity Provision
821第九类磁性物质Class 9 magnetized materials——

国际邮件及 APO/FPO/DPO 的危险货物许可范围非常有限。对于确实获准邮寄的相应物品，附录 G 还要求在寄件服务文件中使用内容代码：第七类放射性物质 813、无锂电池标记且电池安装在设备内的包裹 820、第 6.2 项感染性物质 826；同时仍适用通用 ESC 857。必须先完成国际可邮寄性和目的地审核，不能因找到 ESC 就认定可以寄。International and APO/FPO/DPO dangerous-goods eligibility is very limited. For an item that is actually permitted, Appendix G also requires the applicable content code in the Shipping Service File: 813 for Class 7 radioactive material, 820 for an unmarked lithium-battery package with the batteries installed in the equipment, or 826 for Division 6.2 infectious substances; generic ESC 857 still applies. Finding an ESC does not establish international mailability or destination acceptance.

使用电脑邮资或 USPS 在线制单平台在美国境内寄送危险品时，商业制单系统还必须在交寄前或交寄同时发送包含适用 STC/ESC 的 1.7 或更高版本寄件服务文件，或 5.0 或更高版本寄件合作伙伴事件文件。使用旧式邮资机或纸质邮资报表时，应直接在 USPS 零售网点或商业邮件收寄单位交寄。For domestic HAZMAT shipped through PC Postage or USPS Ship, commercial label systems must transmit the applicable STC/ESC in a Shipping Services File Version 1.7 or higher, or Shipping Partner Event File Version 5.0 or higher, before or concurrent with tender. When legacy postage meters or hard-copy postage statements are used, present the HAZMAT shipment directly at a USPS retail or business mail entry unit.

运输文件不是面单的替代品，也不会被面单替代Shipping documentation is separate from the mailing label

多数空运危险品和部分地面危险品需要运输文件。国内地面运输通常使用符合第 326 节的运输文件；空运通常使用危险品托运人申报书。除利器废物和受管制医疗废物适用专门规则外，文件通常需要由寄件人填写、签署并一式三份，装入可轻松开启和重新封合的信封或类似文件袋，再牢固附着于包裹外部，以便检查时取阅。具体是否需要、文件内容和外附方式仍由美国联邦法规第 49 编、《第 52 号出版物》第 326 节及对应包装规范决定；不要把“已经生成 USPS 面单”理解为“无需运输文件”。Most air HAZMAT and certain surface HAZMAT require shipping documentation. Domestic surface shipments generally use a shipping paper that meets section 326, while air shipments generally use a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods. Except for sharps waste and regulated medical waste, which follow specialized rules, the documents are generally completed and signed in triplicate by the mailer, enclosed in an envelope or similar carrier that can be easily opened and resealed, and securely affixed to the package exterior for inspection access. The exact requirement, contents, and attachment method still come from 49 CFR, Publication 52 section 326, and the applicable Packaging Instruction. Creating a USPS label does not by itself remove the shipping-document requirement.

第五步：分开交寄，并保留合规记录Step 5: tender separately and retain compliance records

对于需要危险品标签或标记的可邮寄危险品，完成包装和制单后，不要混入普通包裹笼车或袋中。除目的地交寄等特定情形外，装有这类危险品邮件的容器、托盘或其他运输设备必须与普通邮件分开，外侧清楚标记“HAZMAT”。你可以按 USPS 规则前往邮局交寄，或通过支持危险品的 USPS 在线制单流程预约取件。For mailable HAZMAT that requires a label or marking, do not mix the completed pieces into an ordinary parcel cart or sack. Except for specified destination-entry situations, containers, pallets, or other mail transport equipment holding those pieces must be separate from non-HAZMAT mail and clearly marked “HAZMAT” on an exterior side. Tender at an eligible Post Office or use a supported Click-N-Ship and pickup workflow.

封箱和交寄前的十项核对Ten checks before sealing and tender

  • 实际商品、配方和设备状态与已批准的 SKU 资料一致。Actual product, formulation, and device condition match the approved SKU record.
  • 安全数据表、数字识别编号、危险类别和适用包装规范仍是当前版本。SDS, UN/NA ID, hazard class, and applicable Packaging Instruction are current.
  • 内包装数量、单件容量、整件总量和包装等级没有超限。Inner-receptacle quantity, per-container capacity, total package quantity, and packing group limits are met.
  • 封口、吸附、缓冲、端子保护、泄压或压力测试要求已逐项完成。Closures, absorbency, cushioning, terminal protection, venting, or pressure-test requirements are complete.
  • 外箱强度、尺寸和旧标记清除情况符合要求。Outer-carton strength, dimensions, and removal of obsolete markings are compliant.
  • 地址面上的退件地址、方向箭头、LTD QTY、锂电池或其他所需标记正确。Return address, orientation arrows, LTD QTY, lithium-battery, and other required markings are correct on the address side.
  • 所选 USPS 产品与空运或地面运输资格一致。The selected USPS product agrees with air or surface eligibility.
  • STC 与寄出/退件、产品、重量档和附加服务完全匹配。The STC exactly matches outbound/return, product, weight tier, and extra service.
  • ESC 857、内容细分 ESC、电子文件和需要的运输文件均已完成。ESC 857, content-specific ESC, electronic file, and required shipping documentation are complete.
  • 需要危险品标签或标记时，包裹与普通邮件分开，外部交寄容器清楚标记“HAZMAT”。When a HAZMAT label or marking is required, the pieces are separated from ordinary mail and the exterior tender receptacle is clearly marked “HAZMAT.”

建议保存的审计资料Recommended audit records

  • 安全数据表、制造商运输说明、危险品查询结果及适用的包装规范版本。SDS, manufacturer transportation guidance, HAZMAT Search Tool result, and the applicable Packaging Instruction revision.
  • SKU 分类结论、批准的 USPS 服务、包装规格、数量限制和面单字段映射。SKU classification decision, approved USPS service, package specification, quantity limits, and label-field mapping.
  • 包装完成照片、面单与标记照片、称重记录、交寄清单和操作员培训记录。Finished-package photos, label/marking photos, weight record, tender manifest, and operator training record.

建立 SKU 级别的批准模板后，仓库每次只需验证产品版本、数量、包装和目的地没有变化；一旦配方、电池、供应商、包装规格或运输路线改变，就重新分类，不要沿用旧结论。With an approved SKU-level template, the warehouse can verify that product revision, quantity, packaging, and destination remain unchanged. Reclassify whenever formulation, battery, supplier, package specification, or transport lane changes—do not inherit an old decision.

一张表走完 USPS 危险品寄件流程The USPS HAZMAT mailing workflow at a glance

#动作Action通过标准Pass condition
1识别产品Identify the product安全数据表、数字识别编号、危险类别、数量和关键属性齐全SDS, UN/NA ID, hazard class, quantity, and critical properties are known
2查询可邮寄性Check mailability确认不是禁止品，并找到当前包装规范Item is not prohibited and the current Packaging Instruction is identified
3选择运输方式与服务Select mode and service空运资格、地面限制和目的地均匹配Air eligibility, surface restrictions, and destination all match
4按指令包装与标记Package and mark内包装、数量、缓冲/吸附、外箱、标记逐项合格Inner packaging, quantity, cushioning/absorbency, outer box, and markings pass
5申报并制单Declare and label危险品申报、服务类型代码、附加服务代码、条码、服务和运输文件正确HAZMAT declaration, STC/ESC, barcode, service, and documents are correct
6分开交寄并归档Tender separately and archive危险品容器标记清楚，记录可追溯HAZMAT receptacle is marked and records are traceable

五个完整邮寄案例：从商品判断到 STC、ESC 和交寄Five worked mailing cases: from product review to STC, ESC, and tender

下面的案例用于演示操作路径，不是对某个真实 SKU 的可邮寄性裁定。只有当安全数据表、实际数量、设备状态、目的地和对应包装规范与案例假设完全一致时，代码选择才可能相同；任何条件变化都应重新查询。These cases demonstrate the operating path; they are not mailability rulings for a real SKU. The code selection can match only when the SDS, actual quantity, device condition, destination, and applicable Packaging Instruction match the assumptions. Recheck whenever a condition changes.

案例 1Case 1

12 盎司地面限量香水，无附加服务12 oz ground Limited Quantity fragrance, no extra service

假设：安全数据表确认这是符合美国境内地面限量条款的第三类易燃液体；整件计费重量 12 盎司；不购买签名或保险服务。Assumptions: The SDS confirms a Class 3 flammable liquid that qualifies for a domestic surface Limited Quantity provision; total billable package weight is 12 oz; no signature or insurance service is purchased.

  1. 选择 USPS Ground Advantage，不可因为 Priority Mail 更快而改为空运产品。Select USPS Ground Advantage; do not switch to an air product merely because Priority Mail is faster.
  2. 按适用包装规范完成内包装、可靠封口、吸附/缓冲、刚性外箱、方向标记及地面限量标记。Follow the applicable Packaging Instruction for inner receptacles, secure closures, absorbency/cushioning, rigid outer packaging, orientation marks, and the ground Limited Quantity mark.
  3. 制单时声明危险品，使用基础 STC 184，并发送通用 ESC 857 与内容 ESC 831。Declare HAZMAT during label creation, use baseline STC 184, and transmit generic ESC 857 plus content ESC 831.

费用结果：自 2026 年 7 月 12 日起适用危险品处理费；当前第 123 号价格表对 Ground Advantage 列示为 0 美元。Fee result: The HAZMAT Handling Fee applies beginning July 12, 2026; current Notice 123 lists $0.00 for Ground Advantage.

案例 2Case 2

2 磅全新备用锂电池，购买签名确认2 lb new spare-lithium-battery package with Signature Confirmation

假设：电池为全新、单独或备用电池，参数和数量符合国内地面包装规范，需要 UN3480 或 UN3090 锂电池标记；整件 2 磅，并购买签名确认。Assumptions: The batteries are new standalone or spare batteries whose ratings and count meet the domestic surface Packaging Instruction; a UN3480 or UN3090 lithium-battery mark is required; the package weighs 2 lb and Signature Confirmation is purchased.

  1. 只能选择获准的地面产品，并做好端子绝缘、防短路、防移动和刚性外包装。Use an authorized surface product and complete terminal insulation, short-circuit protection, movement prevention, and rigid outer packaging.
  2. 地址面使用适用的锂电池标记及“仅限地面运输”文字，不得用 Priority Mail。Apply the applicable lithium-battery mark and surface-only wording on the address side; do not use Priority Mail.
  3. Ground Advantage 一磅及以上并购买签名确认，使用专用 STC 383，发送 ESC 857 和 816。For Ground Advantage at one pound or more with Signature Confirmation, use dedicated STC 383 and transmit ESCs 857 and 816.

关键点：不能沿用基础 STC 362；签名确认已经改变了 USPS 产品服务组合。Key point: Do not retain baseline STC 362; Signature Confirmation changes the USPS product/service combination.

案例 3Case 3

消费者退回一部电池完好的二手手机Consumer return of a used phone with an intact battery

假设：手机是二手设备，锂电池安装在设备内且没有鼓包、破损、过热或召回；适用规则要求锂电池标记；退件重量 2 磅，不购买额外保险。Assumptions: The phone is used, its installed lithium battery is not swollen, damaged, overheated, or recalled, the applicable rule requires a lithium-battery mark, the return weighs 2 lb, and no additional insurance is purchased.

  1. 使用 USPS Ground Advantage 退件服务；二手含锂电池设备不得按普通空运退件处理。Use USPS Ground Advantage Returns; a used lithium-powered device must not be treated as an ordinary air return.
  2. 关闭设备并防止意外启动，固定设备，使用刚性外箱，并按规则标记 Restricted Electronic Device 和 Surface Transportation Only。Power the device off, prevent accidental activation, immobilize it in rigid outer packaging, and apply “Restricted Electronic Device” and “Surface Transportation Only” when required.
  3. 一磅及以上的 Ground Advantage 退件服务基础 STC 为 385；发送 ESC 857 和锂电池退件 ESC 817。The baseline STC for Ground Advantage Returns at one pound or more is 385; transmit ESC 857 and lithium-battery-return ESC 817.

关键点：退件代码不能用寄出件代码 362 代替，商品状态也必须在生成退件面单前确认。Key point: Outbound code 362 cannot replace the return code, and device condition must be confirmed before creating the return label.

案例 4Case 4

用干冰冷藏食品，并经审核符合 Priority Mail 空运条件Food refrigerated with dry ice and verified as Priority Mail air-eligible

假设：内装食品和干冰净重符合国内空运数量限制与包装规范，包裹能够释放二氧化碳气体，不购买附加服务。Assumptions: The food contents and net dry-ice quantity meet domestic air limits and the applicable Packaging Instruction, the package permits carbon-dioxide gas release, and no extra service is purchased.

  1. 完成防泄漏、缓冲、通风、干冰净重及其他适用标记；如规则要求，附上空运危险品运输文件。Complete leak prevention, cushioning, venting, net dry-ice quantity and other applicable markings, and attach air HAZMAT shipping documentation when required.
  2. 选择 Priority Mail，基础危险品 STC 为 116，发送 ESC 857 和干冰 ESC 819。Select Priority Mail, use baseline HAZMAT STC 116, and transmit ESC 857 plus dry-ice ESC 819.
  3. 将危险品包裹与普通邮件分开交寄，并保留称重、包装和运输文件记录。Tender the HAZMAT package separately from ordinary mail and retain weight, packaging, and shipping-document records.

费用结果：自 2026 年 7 月 12 日起，Priority Mail 危险品处理费为每件 7.50 美元，进入 USPS 网络后不退还。Fee result: Beginning July 12, 2026, the Priority Mail HAZMAT Handling Fee is $7.50 per piece and is nonrefundable after network entry.

案例 5：停止寄件Case 5: Stop

手机电池已经鼓包或被制造商召回The phone battery is swollen or manufacturer-recalled

判断：这不是普通“二手手机地面退件”。鼓包表示电池可能已经损坏或有缺陷；损坏、有缺陷或召回的锂电池通常禁止邮寄，除非获得 USPS 产品分类主管的特别批准。Decision: This is not an ordinary used-phone surface return. Swelling may indicate a damaged or defective battery. Damaged, defective, or recalled lithium batteries are generally prohibited unless specifically approved by the USPS director of Product Classification.

  1. 不要生成 STC，也不要用 ESC 817 把它伪装成正常二手设备退件。Do not create an STC and do not use ESC 817 to present it as an ordinary used-device return.
  2. 隔离商品并升级给合规或安全负责人，联系制造商或获准的危险废物/危险货物处理渠道。Isolate the item, escalate it to compliance or safety personnel, and contact the manufacturer or an authorized hazardous-waste/dangerous-goods channel.
  3. 不要通过“取消危险品勾选”“换普通面单”或拆掉标记来绕过系统限制。Do not bypass the restriction by clearing the HAZMAT selection, using an ordinary label, or removing markings.

关键点：正确结果有时不是选择一个代码，而是停止进入 USPS 邮件网络。Key point: Sometimes the correct outcome is not a code—it is stopping the item from entering the USPS mailstream.

2026 年 7 月 12 日起的处理费、不合规费与法律处罚Handling fees, noncompliance fees, and legal penalties beginning July 12, 2026

必须区分三种成本：危险品处理费是合规包裹也要适用的产品费用；50 美元危险品不合规费是 USPS 对适用商业包裹的数据、条码或标记错误收取的每件费用；393 至 156,422 美元则是当前 39 CFR § 233.12 对严重危险品邮寄违法行为列出的法定民事处罚区间，不是普通邮资附加费。Distinguish three different costs: the HAZMAT Handling Fee is a product fee that applies even to compliant packages; the $50 HAZMAT Noncompliance Fee is a per-piece USPS fee for applicable commercial packages with data, barcode, or marking failures; $393 to $156,422 is the current statutory civil-penalty range in 39 CFR § 233.12 for serious HAZMAT mailing violations, not an ordinary postage add-on.

项目Item适用范围Scope当前金额Current amount何时产生When it applies
危险品处理费HAZMAT Handling Fee国内零售和商业 Priority Mail Express、Priority Mail、USPS Ground Advantage、包裹精选服务，以及 USPS 退件危险品包裹Domestic retail and commercial HAZMAT pieces using Priority Mail Express, Priority Mail, USPS Ground Advantage, Parcel Select, and USPS ReturnsPriority Mail Express：7.50 美元
Priority Mail：7.50 美元
Ground Advantage：0 美元
包裹精选服务：0 美元Priority Mail Express: $7.50
Priority Mail: $7.50
Ground Advantage: $0.00
Parcel Select: $0.00		在交寄时评估；包裹进入 USPS 网络后不退还。金额为 2026 年 7 月 12 日生效的第 123 号价格表当前列示；退件应按实际使用的退件产品核对当期价格表。Assessed at mailing and nonrefundable after network entry. Amounts are those currently listed in Notice 123 effective July 12, 2026; for returns, verify the current price listing for the actual return product used.
危险品不合规费HAZMAT Noncompliance Fee适用的美国境内商业价格危险品包裹Applicable domestic commercial-priced HAZMAT packages50 美元/件USD per piece危险品 STC、服务图标、条码提示文字或美国交通部标记错误、缺失或互相不一致时，通过普查和自动包裹验证流程评估。Assessed through Census and Automated Package Verification when the HAZMAT STC, service icon, barcode banner text, or DOT markings are incorrect, missing, or mismatched.
法定民事处罚Statutory civil penalty明知邮寄不可邮寄危险品，或不遵守危险品邮寄法律Knowingly mailing nonmailable HAZMAT or failing to follow postal laws governing HAZMAT393–156,422 美元/次USD per violation当前金额来自 USPS 所属法规 39 CFR § 233.12；还可能承担清理费、损害赔偿和刑事责任。处罚金额可能继续调整。Current amounts are stated in the USPS regulation at 39 CFR § 233.12; cleanup costs, damages, and criminal exposure may also apply. Penalty amounts may be adjusted again.

50 美元费用重点检查什么What the $50 fee validations examine

USPS 的“危险品质量”合规类别要求达到 100% 质量门槛，包含八项验证：危险品符号与非危险品 STC 的冲突、危险品指示与非危险品 STC 的冲突、军邮/部分领地地址错误使用危险品 STC、这些地址错误显示危险品服务图标、危险品 STC、服务图标、条码提示文字，以及美国交通部标记。任何一项失败都可能导致适用商业包裹产生危险品不合规费。USPS sets a 100-percent quality threshold for the “Hazmat Quality” compliance category. Its eight validations cover conflicts between HAZMAT symbols or indicators and non-HAZMAT STCs, improper HAZMAT STCs or service icons for Military/PTFAS destinations, the HAZMAT STC, service icon, barcode banner text, and DOT markings. Failure of any validation can cause the applicable commercial piece to incur the HAZMAT Noncompliance Fee.

费用可以叠加：如果商业危险品包裹既不合规，又漏收了适用的危险品处理费，USPS 官方行业通知说明可同时补收处理费和 50 美元不合规费。危险品不合规费与普通包裹质量不合规费之间则按 USPS 规则收取较高者，而不是两项都收。Some charges can stack: if a commercial HAZMAT package is noncompliant and also lacks the applicable HAZMAT Handling Fee, the USPS industry notice states that both the handling and $50 noncompliance fees may be assessed. Between the HAZMAT Noncompliance Fee and the ordinary Package Quality Noncompliance Fee, USPS applies the higher fee rather than both.

最容易出错的七个地方Seven frequent failure points

  1. 用营销品名代替正式运输名称，或没有取得安全数据表。Using a marketing name instead of the proper shipping name, or mailing without an SDS.
  2. 只确认“可以寄”，没有继续确认空运还是地面运输。Stopping at “mailable” without determining air versus surface eligibility.
  3. 把二手设备、损坏设备和全新原包装设备当成同一种锂电池场景。Treating used, damaged, and new-in-original-packaging lithium devices as the same scenario.
  4. 包装合格但制单时没有选择危险品，导致条码和服务类型错误。Packaging correctly but failing to select HAZMAT during label creation, producing the wrong barcode or service type.
  5. 使用 USPS 免费 Priority Mail 包装箱寄危险品。Using free USPS Priority Mail packaging for HAZMAT.
  6. 复用带有旧危险品、酒类或电池标记的纸箱，却没有完全移除无关标记。Reusing a carton with obsolete HAZMAT, alcohol, or battery markings that were not completely removed.
  7. 把危险品包裹混入普通包裹容器交寄。Mixing HAZMAT packages into the ordinary-mail receptacle at tender.

官方资料与参考来源Official resources and references

常见问题Frequently asked questions

USPS 危险品 STC 是按危险类别选择吗？Is a USPS HAZMAT STC selected by hazard class?

不是。STC 主要按国内寄出或退件、USPS 产品、Ground Advantage 重量档和所购附加服务选择；危险品类别由 857 及 810–832 等 ESC 表达。先确认可邮寄性与运输方式，再按《第 199 号出版物》查对应 STC。No. The STC is driven mainly by domestic outbound versus return, USPS product, Ground Advantage weight tier, and the purchased extra service. Hazard category is represented by ESC 857 and, for domestic mail, content-specific ESCs 810–832. Establish mailability and mode first, then select the STC from the current Publication 199.

购买保险或签名服务后还能沿用基础危险品 STC 吗？Can I keep the baseline HAZMAT STC after buying insurance or signature service?

不能。购买合格附加服务后，应使用同时表示 USPS 产品、该服务选项和危险品的专用 STC。例如一磅及以上的 Ground Advantage 危险品购买签名确认后使用 383，而不是基础代码 362。危险品邮件不得自行叠加多个附加服务；“保险限制投递”等 USPS 已命名选项应按《第 199 号出版物》列出的单一专用 STC 制单。No. When an eligible extra service is purchased, use the dedicated STC that identifies the USPS product, that service option, and HAZMAT. For example, a Ground Advantage HAZMAT package at one pound or more with Signature Confirmation uses 383, not baseline 362. Do not combine multiple extra services on HAZMAT mail; a USPS-named option such as Insurance Restricted Delivery must use the single dedicated STC listed in Publication 199.

同一种危险品为什么会有不同 STC？Why can the same hazardous material use different STCs?

因为 STC 表示 USPS 产品与服务组合，而不是单独表示危险品类别。同一个锂电池包裹可能因重量从 184 变成 362，也可能因购买签名确认变成 383；其内容 ESC 可以保持不变。Because the STC identifies the USPS product/service combination, not just the hazard category. The same lithium-battery package may move from 184 to 362 because of weight, or to 383 because Signature Confirmation was purchased, while its content ESC remains unchanged.

制单平台没有对应的危险品 STC 怎么办？What if my label platform does not offer the applicable HAZMAT STC?

停止制单，不要用普通 STC 替代，也不要取消危险品申报。先确认平台使用的《第 199 号出版物》版本和字段映射，要求服务商更新，或改用支持该产品、附加服务和危险品组合的 USPS 制单渠道。Stop label creation. Do not substitute an ordinary STC or remove the HAZMAT declaration. Confirm the platform’s Publication 199 version and mappings, request an update, or use a USPS label channel that supports the required product, extra service, and HAZMAT combination.

2026 年 7 月 12 日起，所有危险品包裹都会被罚 50 美元吗？Will every HAZMAT package be charged $50 beginning July 12, 2026?

不会。合规危险品包裹适用的是对应产品的危险品处理费，目前 Priority Mail Express 和 Priority Mail 为 7.50 美元，Ground Advantage 和包裹精选服务为 0 美元。50 美元危险品不合规费针对适用的美国境内商业包裹，并在 STC、服务图标、条码提示文字或 DOT 标记错误、缺失或不一致时按件评估。No. A compliant HAZMAT package is subject to the product's HAZMAT Handling Fee, currently $7.50 for Priority Mail Express and Priority Mail and $0.00 for Ground Advantage and Parcel Select. The $50 HAZMAT Noncompliance Fee applies per applicable domestic commercial piece when the STC, service icon, barcode banner text, or DOT markings are incorrect, missing, or mismatched.

USPS 陆运惠选服务可以寄所有危险品吗？Can USPS Ground Advantage ship every hazardous material?

不能。陆运惠选只是地面运输服务，不会把禁止品变成可邮寄品。物质本身、数量、包装、标记、目的地和对应包装规范必须全部允许。No. Ground Advantage is a surface product; it does not make prohibited matter mailable. The material, quantity, packaging, markings, destination, and applicable Packaging Instruction must all permit the shipment.

可以用优先邮件服务寄香水或洗手液吗？Can perfume or hand sanitizer go by Priority Mail?

含酒精的香水和大多数洗手液具有易燃性，通常仅限美国境内地面运输，不能因为优先邮件更快就选择它。必须根据实际闪点、浓度、数量与包装规范判断。Alcohol-based perfume and most hand sanitizer are flammable and are generally limited to domestic surface transportation. Priority Mail cannot be selected merely because it is faster. Actual flash point, concentration, quantity, and the Packaging Instruction control.

手机或笔记本电脑里的锂电池一定属于危险品吗？Are lithium batteries in phones and laptops always HAZMAT?

锂电池受危险品规则约束，但具体包装、标记与运输方式取决于电池类型、Wh/锂含量、数量、是否安装在设备中，以及设备是全新、二手、损坏还是有缺陷。不要只凭“电池在设备里”就认定可以空运。Lithium batteries are regulated, but packaging, marking, and transport mode depend on chemistry, Wh/lithium content, count, installed status, and whether the device is new, used, damaged, or defective. “Installed in equipment” alone does not establish air eligibility.

在线制单时忘记勾选危险品，手写标记可以补救吗？Can a handwritten marking fix a label created without HAZMAT selected?

通常不能。危险品需要正确的电子申报、服务类型代码、附加服务代码、条码、服务类型和外箱标记。应作废错误面单，按实际危险品内容重新创建，而不是只在外箱上补写文字。Generally no. HAZMAT requires the correct electronic declaration, STC/ESC, barcode, service type, and package markings. Void the incorrect label and recreate it for the actual contents instead of relying on handwritten text.

危险品可以预约 USPS 上门取件吗？Can USPS pick up a HAZMAT package?

USPS 危险品查询工具说明，在完成所有包装规范后，可以通过支持的 USPS 在线制单流程预约取件。仍需把危险品与普通包裹分开，并按要求清楚标记交寄容器。The USPS HAZMAT Search Tool says a pickup may be scheduled through a supported Click-N-Ship workflow after all Packaging Instructions are met. HAZMAT must still be separated from ordinary packages and the tender receptacle marked “HAZMAT” as required.

哪里能得到某个具体商品的最终判断？Where can I get a final decision for a specific product?

先用安全数据表、制造商运输数据和危险品查询工具完成初步判断；仍不明确时，携带完整资料向 USPS 申请可邮寄性裁定，或咨询熟悉美国联邦法规第 49 编与《第 52 号出版物》的危险品专业人员。不要在资料不完整时试寄。Start with the SDS, manufacturer transportation data, and HAZMAT Search Tool. If ambiguity remains, seek a USPS mailability ruling or a dangerous-goods specialist familiar with 49 CFR and Publication 52. Do not test-mail an item with incomplete data.

把危险品规则固化到仓库流程，而不是依赖记忆Turn HAZMAT rules into a controlled workflow, not tribal knowledge

先为每个危险品 SKU 建立批准的服务、包装、标记和制单模板，再培训操作员按版本执行。规则有变化时，更新模板并重新培训，能显著降低误选服务、漏报危险品和错误交寄的风险。Create an approved service, packaging, marking, and label template for each hazardous SKU, then train operators to execute the current revision. When rules change, update the template and retrain to reduce wrong-service selection, undeclared HAZMAT, and tender errors.

打开 USPS 危险品查询工具Open the USPS HAZMAT Search Tool 查看更多物流指南Explore more shipping guides
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